1. Bản dịch sát nguyên ngữ giữ nguyên Ehyeh và Yahweh.
Xuất 3:14-15
2. Dịch với “Ta là / Ngài là”
Xuất 3:14-15
3. Ehyeh – mặc khải cá nhân
- Xuất Ê-díp-tô Ký 3:12 “vì Ehyeh với ngươi”
(tức: Ta sẽ hiện diện, đi cùng ngươi) - Xuất Ê-díp-tô Ký 3:14 “hãy nói cho con cái Israel: Ehyeh đã sai ta đến cùng các ngươi”
- Giê-rê-mi 1:8 “vì Ehyeh với ngươi để giải cứu ngươi”
- Giô-suê 1:5 – “Như Ta đã ở cùng Môi-se, Ehyeh cùng ngươi.”
- Giô-suê 3:7 – “Ehyeh cùng ngươi như Ta đã ở cùng Môi-se.”
- Ê-xê-chi-ên 37:27 “và chúng sẽ làm dân cho Ta và Ehyeh Đức Chúa Trời cho chúng”
- Ô-sê 1:9 – “Các ngươi không phải dân Ta, và Ta sẽ không là (lo ehyeh) của các ngươi.”
- Giê-rê-mi 1:8 – “Đừng sợ… vì Ehyeh cùng ngươi để giải cứu ngươi.”
- Giê-rê-mi 1:19 – “Chúng sẽ đánh nhau với ngươi, nhưng sẽ không thắng… vì Ta sẽ ở (ehyeh) cùng ngươi.”
- Giê-rê-mi 30:22 – “Các ngươi sẽ làm dân Ta, và Ta sẽ là (ehyeh) Đức Chúa Trời các ngươi.”
- Giê-rê-mi 31:33 – “Ta sẽ là (ehyeh) Đức Chúa Trời của chúng, và chúng sẽ là dân Ta.”
- Giê-rê-mi 32:38 – “Họ sẽ làm dân Ta, và Ta sẽ là (ehyeh) Đức Chúa Trời của họ.”
- Ê-xê-chi-ên 11:20 – “Họ sẽ làm dân Ta, và Ta sẽ là (ehyeh) Đức Chúa Trời của họ.”
- Ê-xê-chi-ên 14:11 – “Chúng sẽ làm dân Ta, và Ta sẽ là (ehyeh) Đức Chúa Trời của chúng.”
- Ê-xê-chi-ên 36:28 – “Các ngươi sẽ làm dân Ta, và Ta sẽ là (ehyeh) Đức Chúa Trời các ngươi.”
4. Yahweh – mặc khải cộng đồng
1. Sự hiện hữu duy nhất
2. Sự giải cứu
3. Sự giao ước
4. Sự thánh khiết và phán xét
5. Lời hứa chắc chắn
Như vậy:
Kết luận
-chatgpt-
Quan điểm cá nhân:
ENGLISH
In the Hebrew Bible, the two most important terms that reveal the Creator are:
- Ehyeh — first-person verb: “I am / I will be”
- Yahweh — third-person proper name: “He is / He will be”
Both derive from the same root verb hāyāh (“to be, to exist”).
1. A translation faithful to the original language, preserving Ehyeh and Yahweh
Exodus 3:14–15
14. God said to Moses:
“Ehyeh asher Ehyeh (‘I am EHYEH’).”
And He said:
“Thus you shall say to the sons of Israel:
‘EHYEH has sent me to you.’”
15. God also said to Moses:
“Thus you shall say to the sons of Israel:
‘YAHWEH, the God of your fathers—the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob—has sent me to you.’
This is My name forever;
this is My memorial for all generations.”
2. Translation using “I AM / HE IS”
Exodus 3:14–15
14. God said to Moses:
“I AM the ONE-WHO-IS.”
And He continued:
“Say to the sons of Israel:
‘THE-I-AM has sent me to you.’”
15. God again said to Moses:
“Say to the sons of Israel:
‘THE-HE-IS, the God of your fathers—the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob—has sent me to you.’
This is My name forever;
this is My memorial for all generations.”
3. Ehyeh — personal revelation
God uses “I am” when speaking personally to an individual, emphasizing presence and companionship.
This term appears about 40 times in Scripture
(once used by Job in Job 3:16; all other occurrences refer to God).
Examples:
- Exodus 3:12
“For Ehyeh with you”
(that is: I will be present with you) - Exodus 3:14
“Say to the sons of Israel: Ehyeh has sent me to you.” - Jeremiah 1:8
“Do not be afraid … for Ehyeh with you to deliver you.” - Joshua 1:5
“As I was with Moses, so Ehyeh with you.” - Joshua 3:7
“Ehyeh with you as I was with Moses.” - Ezekiel 37:27
“They shall be My people, and Ehyeh God to them.” - Hosea 1:9
“You are not My people, and I will not be (lo ehyeh) your God.” - Jeremiah 1:19
“They will fight against you, but they shall not prevail … for Ehyeh with you.” - Jeremiah 30:22
“You shall be My people, and Ehyeh your God.” - Jeremiah 31:33
“I will be (ehyeh) their God, and they shall be My people.” - Jeremiah 32:38
“They shall be My people, and Ehyeh their God.” - Ezekiel 11:20
“They shall be My people, and Ehyeh their God.” - Ezekiel 14:11
- Ezekiel 36:28
4. Yahweh — communal revelation
This is the name given to the people, so that they may call upon Him throughout all generations.
It is no longer a verb in active conjugation, but a unique proper name.
It appears over 6,800 times in the Hebrew Bible and is closely linked with redemption, law, judgment, and covenant.
1. Unique existence
“I am YAHWEH, and there is no other;
besides Me there is no god.” (Isaiah 45:5)
This emphasizes that He alone truly exists, unlike idols.
2. Deliverance
“I am YAHWEH, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.” (Deuteronomy 5:6)
Each proclamation of the name is tied to liberation and redemption.
3. Covenant
“You shall be My people, and I will be your God;
then you will know that I am YAHWEH.” (Ezekiel 36:28)
He affirms a unique relationship: He belongs to them, and they belong to Him.
4. Holiness and judgment
“You shall know that I am YAHWEH when I execute judgment.” (Ezekiel 25:17)
Each act of judgment underscores that it comes from Him—the righteous and holy One.
5. Certain promise
“I am YAHWEH; what I have spoken, I will do.” (Ezekiel 36:36)
When He names Himself, He also affirms His faithfulness: His word will surely be fulfilled.
When proclaiming YAHWEH, He often attaches His attributes or works to the name.
Therefore:
- Ehyeh is used when God speaks in the first person
(except once where Job speaks of himself). - Yahweh is a term reserved exclusively for God, meaning “The One Who Is” (third person).
- Ordinary people never use Yahweh to mean “he is” or “that person is.”
Conclusion
- Ehyeh: revelation in a personal relationship
(first person — “I am”), tied to the promise of presence. - YHWH: revelation in a communal relationship
(third person — “He is”), becoming the name by which all generations call upon Him.
This is precisely why Exodus 3:14 (personal—spoken to Moses) uses Ehyeh,
while Exodus 3:15 (public—declared to Israel) uses YHWH.
Personal reflection
Ehyeh and Yahweh are both ways by which He reveals Himself.
But are these truly His “name”?
Or are they a means by which people understand who is being spoken of,
who is being addressed—
the One who revealed Himself to the fathers,
who protected the people through many generations,
who established covenant and executed judgment?