“Người Do Thái nói rằng: ‘Đền thờ này đã được xây bốn mươi sáu năm rồi, mà ngươi sẽ dựng lại trong ba ngày sao?’” — Giăng 2:20
“46 năm” là năm nào?
Như vậy, Giăng 2:20 ghi nhận thời điểm đầu chức vụ của Jesus vào khoảng năm 27–28 SCN.
Ba Lễ Vượt Qua trong sách Giăng
Như vậy, chức vụ của Jesus kéo dài trọn vẹn 2 năm và bước sang năm thứ 3, trải qua ba mùa Lễ Vượt Qua.
Năm Ngài chịu chết
“Ấy là ngày chuẩn bị Lễ Vượt Qua…” — Giăng 19:14 Cái chết của Ngài trùng khớp thời điểm giết chiên lễ Vượt Qua.
Kết luận
Jesus khởi chức vụ khoảng năm 27–28 SCN và chịu chết vào Lễ Vượt Qua năm 29–30 SCN.ENGLISH
The Temple Built for 46 Years
“The Jews then said, ‘This temple has been under construction for forty-six years, and will you raise it up in three days?’” — John 2:20
This statement was spoken at the first Passover that Jesus attended, immediately after the miracle at the wedding in Cana.
At that time, He had just begun His public ministry, and it was on this very occasion that He cleansed the Temple for the first time—an act that shocked the Jewish leadership.
What year does “46 years” refer to?
According to the historian Flavius Josephus, Herod the Great began the major renovation of the Second Temple in 20–19 BC.
When the Jews said that the Temple had been built for 46 years, it means they were in the 46th year of that construction, corresponding to AD 27–28 in historical chronology.
Thus, John 2:20 places the beginning of Jesus’ ministry around AD 27–28.
Three Passovers in the Gospel of John
Throughout the Gospel of John, three Passovers are mentioned.
Before the first Passover, Jesus had been baptized—this was the 46th year of the Temple’s construction.
- Passover 1 — John 2:13 — AD 27–28
- Passover 2 — John 6:4 — AD 28–29
- Passover 3 (death) — John 11:55–19:14 — AD 29–30
Thus, Jesus’ ministry lasted a full two years and entered into the third year, spanning three Passover seasons.
The Year of His Death
From the first marker (AD 27–28), passing through two subsequent Passovers, we arrive at AD 29–30—the year Jesus was crucified, on the 14th of Nisan, the very day the Passover lamb was slaughtered.
“Now it was the day of Preparation of the Passover…” — John 19:14
His death coincided precisely with the time when the Passover lambs were being killed.
Conclusion
Jesus began His ministry around AD 27–28 and died at Passover in AD 29–30.
Preparing to commemorate 2,000 years since Jesus received His mission after being immersed in the Holy Spirit.